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Order: ANURA
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Information about salamanders.
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Information about caecilians.
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frogs, toads, anura, frogs, toads, anurans, anura
Bombinatoridae (Gray, 1825) Fire Belly Toads
The family Bombinatoridae consists of small to medium sized, semi-aquatic toads. The family consists of two genera, Bombina and Barbourula. Bombina are found in Asia and Europe, and Barbourula occur throughout the Philippine Islands and Borneo. These toads are often referred to as fire belly toads because of their brightly colored ventral sides that advertise their toxicity. Bombina are most noted for the bright bellies, and often display the unken reflex when disturbed. Barbourula are slightly more understated in coloration than Bombina, and possess webbed feet. 

      
   
Genus Barbourula (Taylor & Noble, 1924) Jungle Toads
none Barbourula busuangensis Busuanga Jungle Toad
none Barbourula kalimantanensis Kalimantan Jungle Toad
   
Genus Bombina (Oken, 1816) Fire Belly Toads
none Bombina bombina Fire Belly Toad
none Bombina fortinuptialis Spined Bell Toad
none Bombina lichuanensis Lichuan Bell Toad
none Bombina maxima Large Webbed Bell Toad
none Bombina microdeladigitora Small Webbed Bell Toad
  Bombina orientalis Oriental Fire Belly Toad
  Bombina pachypus Appenine Yellow Bellied Toad
  Bombina variegata Yellow Bellied Toad
    
  

Amphibian Taxonomy References

AmphibiaWeb (2003). http://amphibiaweb.org/. (Accessed: 2001-2003).

Beltz, Ellin (2003). North American Reptile and Amphibian Names. Ellin Beltz. http://ebeltz.net/herps/etyhome.html (Accessed: 2001).

Center for North American Herpetology (2003). http://www.cnah.org/ (Accessed: 2000).

Collins, Joseph T. Standard Common and Scientific Names for North American Amphibians & Reptiles (3rd ed.). Society for the Study of Amphibians & Reptiles (SSAR), 1990.

Duellman, W.E. and L. Trueb. Biology of Amphibians. McGraw Hill, New York, 1986.

Fowler, Henry W. Annual Report of the New Jersey State Museum, 1906 - With A Report of the Amphibians and Reptiles of New Jersey and a Supplement to the Fishes of New Jersey. Trenton, New Jersey State Museum, 1906.

Frank, Norman, and E. Ramus. Complete Guide to Scientific and Common Names of Reptiles & Amphibians of the World. N.G. Publishing, 1996.

Frost, Darrel. R. Amphibian Species of the World. Allen Press and the Association of Systematics Collections. Lawrence, KS, 1985.

Frost, Darrel R. (2004). Amphibian Species of the World 3.0. American Museum of Natural History. http://research.amnh.org/herpetology/amphibia/index.php (Accessed: 2004).

Halliday, Tim R., and Kraig Adler (editors). The New Encyclopedia of Reptiles & Amphibians. Facts on File, New York, 2002.

Jordan, David S. A Manual of Vertebrates of the Northern United States Including the District East of the Mississippi River and North of North Carolina and Tennessee, Exclusive to Marine Species. Chicago, 1878.

Larson, Allan. 1991. A molecular perspective on the evolutionary relationships of the salamander families. Evolutionary Biology 25: 211-277.

Larson, Allan (2004). Terrestrial Vertebrates. Tree of Life Web Project. http://www.tolweb.org/tree?group=terrestrial_vertebrates. (Accessed: 2004).

Schleich, Hermann H., and Werner Kastle (editors). Amphibians and Reptiles of Nepal. Koeltz, Koningstein, 2002.

Stebbins, Robert. Western Reptiles & Amphibians (3rd ed.). Houghton Mifflin Co., 2003.

Titus, T.A. and A. Larson. 1995. A molecular phylogenetic perspective on the evolutionary radiation of the salamander family Salamandridae. Systematic Biology 44: 125-151.

 

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